More and more of our contemporaries give preference to living outside the city, but preserving the usual living conditions. However, not all of them are accessible due to the considerable distance from the central engineering communications. Water supply at home is a necessary component of comfort. Of course, you can realize it in the country by transporting water with buckets from a well. But in order to meet the needs of a family living in a private house constantly, it will be useful to think about organizing autonomous water supply.
If there is a well or a well in the private courtyard, you can easily organize water supply for the whole house
Content
Advantages of Well Water Supply
We all know that water supply from a well has its own advantages, but the well option is most popular. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, digging a well will require less material costs than drilling a well. Moreover, many homeowners do it themselves. And, of course, everyone understands that it is impossible to create a wellbore without technological equipment and without the involvement of specialists. And if you come to the aid of a couple more comrades, then you will be able to dig a well much faster. And with the correct execution of work, the problems with the water supply of your house can not be remembered for many years. Moreover, the water itself will cost the homeowner absolutely free. The only thing you have to pay is the electricity bills.
Summarizing the above, we can conclude: digging a well is much easier and cheaper. In addition, permission is not required to carry out work. But it would be a mistake to assume that the device of a water well has only one advantages. Suitable water produced in this way is no longer for drinking, but for technical needs. If you plan to use it for cooking or to quench your thirst, experts recommend installing a filter system. Otherwise, water wells have only strengths.
About technology briefly
The process of arranging the water supply system of a private house from a well includes several stages.
- The first main and the most important one is the development of a water supply scheme. As practice shows, the effectiveness of the system depends on how correctly and precisely the scheme will be created.
- At the second stage, trenches are digging according to the developed scheme.
- Then the pumping equipment is selected and installed. This process is not the most complex, but very responsible.
- Next, a water treatment system is equipped. This is done by installing filters.
- The final stage - water is laid into the house from the well and equipment is connected.
The most time-consuming stage is the preparatory stage, when all earthwork is carried out
Important! There should be two filters - coarse as well as fine cleaning.
Pay attention to the next moment. The presence of water intake equipment is almost always implied even in the simplest scheme. The pump is mounted either in a caisson or in a sub-pump room.
The general sequence of steps is presented above. And in order for the system to work with maximum efficiency, you need to know in more detail how to make a well for a water pipe with your own hands. Further on this will be discussed in more detail.
Installation Location
Well construction is a fundamental step. It is desirable to dig it in the summer, because in the hot season, the water lies at a much shallower depth than in autumn and winter. To determine, without involving specialists, the level of the water reservoir, talk with the neighbors, in areas where there are wells. They will surely come to your aid. However, you can use the old-fashioned method using vines. But the most reliable option for determining the depth of an aquifer is trial drilling. Experts recommend conducting this operation at intervals from half a meter to a meter. So you do not "slip" even a thin aquifer.
Having determined the water reservoir of suitable performance, let the pit fill with water, leaving it for a day. This way you will know the water level in the well. The optimal value of this parameter is 1 ... 1.5 meters. And by all means, turn in the water to the SES in your area for analysis. They will determine the degree of suitability for use and the composition as a whole.
There should not be cesspools, septic tanks or other similar structures near a well or a well.
When choosing a place, pay attention to the following moment: the distance from it to the nearest cesspools, septic tanks, etc. must be at least 50 meters. If this requirement is not met, the possibility of such a serious deterioration in water quality is not ruled out that it cannot be used even for technical purposes. But digging a hole very close to the house is also undesirable: washing out the sand can cause soil displacement.
You must understand that laying the water pipe from the well with your own hands is a very time-consuming process. But if the trenches are prepared according to the scheme, you will not encounter problems.
Digging and well finishing
Before you begin to create a water supply system from a well with your own hands, you need to decide on the method of decorating a well mine. The above decoration is designed to implement purely utilitarian functions. Namely:
- provides protection of water in a well against hit of a hoses (so-called ground waters);
- prevents the destruction of the walls of the mine.
Today, there are three ways to finish:
1. A tree. For this purpose, boards made of larch, oak, pine, the thickness of which exceeds 120 millimeters, are used. This finish is suitable for wells up to 3-4 meters deep. It is rarely used because of a short operational period.
Concrete rings are considered the most practical and durable well finish.
2. Small piece materials. These are such as brick and rubble stone. Suitable for finishing wells, the depth of which does not exceed 4 meters.
Good to know! The use of piece materials increases the duration and complexity of the work.
3. Reinforced concrete rings with a height of 1 meter and a diameter of 0.9
- the possibility of laying to a considerable depth - up to 20 meters;
- design reliability;
- high speed of work;
- low labor input.
And importantly, if the water level in the well decreases, it can easily be deepened by installing repair rings.
The method with the use of reinforced concrete rings has proved to be the best, so we will talk about it later on. Before digging a well, it is necessary to determine the circumference of the recess. This parameter is calculated by summing the diameter of the ring with its two thicknesses and adding 20 centimeters per bed to the result.
After digging a hole the height of one ring, install the first in it.How to do it? First lay the ring on its side, then turn it over and lower it into the well shaft. Dig further and install the second ring. It usually arranges a hole for mounting the intake pipe. But such is allowed to create in any ring, at the discretion of the owner. Connect the rings with at least two brackets. When the next one is established, there will be a need to pump out the water entering the mine. Its level is considered to be sufficient if one and a half rings are filled.
Well seams are additionally sealed to prevent groundwater from entering the mine
The technology of laying rings requires compliance with a number of rules:
- mounting method. In order to ensure reliable fastening of the rings, stop your choice on products with a groove-comb docking system;
- additional fastening. To prevent horizontal displacement of the rings, use staples;
- packing gasket. The presence between the rings of the seal minimizes the risk of getting into the well of the overhead. Experts recommend using a German-made RubberElast gasket. Alternatively, a rope made of flax, hemp or rope is allowed. Bitumen or liquid glue, the connection of the rings will not seal the joint, but only harm the water.
- the use of quick-hardening mixture for cementing the seam. The best choice here is Plitonite Aquabarrier.
The place where the last ring is connected to the penultimate is additionally insulated from the outside. Such a technical solution will prevent the destruction of the structure by external influences and will prevent melt water from entering the mine.
Having built a well for a water supply system, it is necessary to create conditions for the natural filtration of the incoming liquid. This is done by laying small stones at the bottom, followed by falling asleep with a layer of crushed stone with a thickness of 30 to 50 centimeters.
Pump connection
Raising water in the water supply system of a private house with its subsequent distribution to the buildings of the summer cottage is carried out by a pump station. To place such equipment is best in a house or utility room. From the well to the apartment building, a trench is excavated below the level of freezing of the soil. A pipe will fit into it.
The rise of water from the well and its supply to the house is carried out by a pumping station, which is installed indoors
You can use a variety of tubular products. Choose them according to the required characteristics and the amount of the allocated budget.
Advice! The best option in this case is metal-plastic pipes. They easily bend - this is their main advantage over metal products.
Insert the pipe into the hole previously created in the well ring, bend and lower it to the water level. Insert the inlet strainer inside. It is necessary to control that the pipe does not reach the bottom of the order of 30-40 centimeters. Pump out all the water, drive the pin into the bottom, and then securely attach the pipe to it. Close the hole for the pipe in the reinforced concrete ring with cement mortar. Dig a trench and arrange around the well circumference a clay castle 0.5 meters thick at a depth of 40 centimeters. This will protect the well from rain and groundwater.
It is necessary to choose a pumping station taking into account the characteristics of the well. The most widely used pumps are capable of delivering water from a depth of about 9 meters and raising it by 40 meters. In a well located at a distance from the house, it is advisable to install a self-priming centrifugal pump that extracts water from a depth of 45 meters.
In the winter season, the temperature in the room in which the pump will be installed should not fall below +2 degrees. The coarse filter and non-return valve are mounted at the inlet to the pump, while the fine filter must be installed after the pump station. Then connect the pressure switch, pressure gauge and other devices.The pipe is discharged into the collector, distributing it to consumers. The pump station is connected to the control panel. After this, it remains only to complete the installation of the water supply.
For the supply of water from the well to the house and wiring through it, different types of pipes are used, including polymer
How to lay the pipeline yourself. Organization of home water supply
Pipelines of the considered water supply system are metal-plastic. Special fittings are used to connect their elements, and trimming of pipe products is carried out using a circular saw - a grinder equipped with a special disk. A rubber sealant is installed inside the fitting, which is responsible for the tightness of the joints of the pipe components of the water supply. The connection is fixed with a crimp ring with a union nut.
Insertion into the water supply of valves, mixers and other structural elements is carried out by combined fittings. Their threaded side is designed for connecting the above equipment, and the other for connecting to the pipeline. It is not difficult to install the fitting, but the main attention must be paid to the correct removal of the inner chamfer from the end of the pipe so that the connecting part enters the pipe without having to displace the sealing rings.
If you plan to create a winter water supply from a well or lay a branch at a shallow depth, special thermal insulation is used to protect the engineering communications. In some cases, an electric heating cable should be used.
Good to know! This technical solution will completely protect your water supply to the house from the well from freezing and prevent its failure.
The selected insulation material must be resistant to microorganisms, salt solutions and groundwater. In addition, it should not absorb moisture and, conversely, should be characterized by high strength.
The water supply pipe can be laid into the house through the wall or underground through the foundation. Any of these approaches to solving the problem involves the insulation of the part of the pipe located in the open space - on the surface (in the first embodiment) or in the subfield (second option).
If the water supply will be used all year round, then it should be insulated so that during frosts the water in it does not freeze
All branches of engineering communications should be laid inside the building under a certain bias. This will allow to drain water from the water supply system during short-term departures from a private house or in the autumn before moving out of the cottage.
Lay the water supply from the bottom up. As a result of branching, it will acquire a tree structure. The design of this engineering communication should ensure the discharge of water from all devices, including water heaters, and not just from pipes.
And finally, some useful tips:
- if necessary, the organization of hot water supply will need to take care of installing a water heater (boiler) or heating unit. This may be a double-circuit gas boiler;
- use only high-quality stop valves and the same materials;
- It is also recommended that the well be finished on the outside. In addition to the utilitarian, it also performs an aesthetic function;
- You must be prepared for the fact that the first start can cause problems. Of course, with the right approach, the probability of success is very high, but no one is safe from mistakes. That is why you carry out the first launch very carefully. First of all, control the pressure in the system. If its level is insufficient, this indicates the presence of a leak in some area. It must be found and eliminated. For this reason, before the operability of the water supply system is verified, it is not recommended to dig a trench.
As you can see, the task of creating a pipeline that provides water to the house from the well is quite feasible.The most difficult and time-consuming stage is digging a mine and installing reinforced concrete rings. And anyone can build a water supply system if there are skills in plumbing.
