The versatility and universality of square pipes today attracts more and more attention, as a result of this there is active demand in the market of profile products. A square tube has deservedly become a sales leader, simplifying, speeding up and cheapening production. We will focus on such types of pipes as a metal square pipe and a square plastic pipe.
Square profile pipes are materials with special characteristics used in various fields of construction
Content
Features of square metal pipes
A square metal pipe is one of the most popular types of pipes in the variety of metal rolling assortment. Due to its shape and characteristics, a profile square tube is widely used both in industrial production and in private construction. Advantages of the square profile: easy to install, optimal in weight, economical and reliable. Stably behaves in the test with severe loads (pressure, vibration, kink), justifies the confidence in the assembly of stable, high-strength and at the same time lightweight metal structures.
Making serious and complex industrial or simple household structures, even of the most non-standard forms, the choice of material between metal and plastic pipes is obvious. The metal profile is wear-resistant, does not deform, is resistant to sharp, frequent temperature fluctuations and direct sunlight, which can not be said about plastic.
The metal frame is reliable in all respects, but a house from a plastic profile can be built only in the form of a layout. Although it is widely used in architecture. However, it is not possible to use a square metal profile with 100% benefit everywhere. There are areas where it will be successfully replaced by the same plastic pipes that have recently appeared on the construction market.
Characteristics of plastic profiles
Plastic square pipe - a profile that can replace similar metal pipes, while significantly reducing the budget for the manufacture of structures. The weight of the PVC pipe is only 20% of the mass of a metal of the same size and cross section. The soldering and coupling coupling of plastic pipes in the construction is quick and not energy-intensive, so that if necessary it is possible to easily replace a damaged part.
Products from polymers in many cases can become a substitute for metal, cheapening production or construction
Unlike metal pipes, in plastic pipes there is no increase in resistance in the time interval, and the pressure loss due to friction is less by 30% (very smooth surface). In addition, such a profile is frost-resistant and ductile at low temperature (from -25aboutC to +60aboutC), has good throughput and low thermal conductivity, therefore, it will not freeze water, forming "ice clots" (production of gutters). Another plastic pipe is an excellent dielectric and can be routed everywhere. A huge minus - there is no resistance to static loads, which can simply crush them. There is a danger of using such pipes in seismically active regions.
Among the distinctive features of square plastic pipes include:
- light weight;
- resistance to corrosion and oxidation (this is important for regions with a humid climate);
- long operational period (more than 55 years);
- elasticity (possible arcuate bending without stress in the pipe);
- almost complete neutrality to most chemicals.
PVC pipe withstands a temperature limit of +80aboutC, linear extensibility at +60aboutWith the lowest coefficient among all plastic pipes.
Important! Avoid contact of PVC pipes with solvents (paint removers, liquid plasticizers), this will destroy the structure of the plastic and the integrity of the pipe.
PVC undergoes decomposition under the influence of temperature +135aboutC, while releasing hydrogen chloride. Installation of plastic pipes at sub-zero temperatures and in an unheated room is not recommended, because when drilling or cutting a pipe, there is a high risk of damage to it.
From square pipes, you can collect a lot of useful structures on your own site, for example, a fence
Comparing the characteristics of metal and plastic square pipes in the production of agricultural nipple watering systems, gutters, greenhouses, or ventilation systems, the preference today is given to a PVC square tube.
When choosing plastic, it is important to consider the following nuances:
- in PVC water supply systems pipes do not withstand constant pressure, the service life of such pipes may not exceed even several years;
- PVC pipe is not designed to transport hot air masses and steam.
If necessary, it is possible to join plastic and metal, if the dimensions of the square pipes coincide, and thanks to the same shape, the plastic pipe can be used as a cover for metal. Buy a square pipe made of plastic and metal is not difficult. The choice of side sizes for cross-section, wall thickness and weight is very diverse.
Production of metal square pipes
A square metal pipe is produced in accordance with GOST from low-carbon steel St3SP, or from high-quality carbon steel 09G2S. According to the production method, this pipe can be seamless (hot-deformed, cold-deformed) and with a seam (electric-welded). When operating under pressure above normal, the finished profile is tested hydraulically, where the pressure is created according to the calculations according to the formula for each profile, as well as heat treatment to relieve stress in the pipe.
If necessary, enterprises can produce square pipes of non-standard length and cross-section (according to the manufacturer's specifications) by rolling a round pipe.
For the production of square tubes, a special machine with rollers is needed
The dimensions of a standardized square metal pipe are presented in the table.
Table 1
| Size Outside
cm |
S sections, cm2 | Wall thickness
cm |
Weight, kg, 1m |
| 1×1 | 0,343 | 0,1 | 0,270 |
| 1,50×1,50 | 0,543 | 0,1 | 0,425 |
| 1,50×1,50 | 0,7710 | 0,15 | 0,606 |
| 2×2 | 0,743 | 0,10 | 0,582 |
| 2×2 | 1,0710 | 0,15 | 0,842 |
| 2×2 | 1,370 | 0,2 | 1,076 |
| 2,50×2,50 | 0,943 | 0,1 | 0,741 |
| 2,50×2,50 | 1,370 | 0,15 | 1,08 |
| 2,50×2,50 | 1,77 | 0,2 | 1,40 |
| 2,50×2,50 | 2,140 | 0,25 | 1,67 |
| 2,50×2,50 | 2,48 | 0,3 | 1,96 |
| 3×3 | 2,170 | 0,20 | 1,70 |
| 3×3 | 2,64 | 0,25 | 2,07 |
| 3×3 | 3,080 | 0,30 | 2,42 |
| 3×3 | 3,50 | 0,35 | 2,76 |
| 3×3 | 3,88 | 0,4 | 3,05 |
| 3,20×3,20 | 4,20 | 0,4 | 3,31 |
| 3,50×3,50 | 2,57 | 0,20 | 2,02 |
| 3,50×3,50 | 3,14 | 0,25 | 2,47 |
| 3,50×3,50 | 3,68 | 0,30 | 2,90 |
| 3,50×3,50 | 4,2 | 0,35 | 3,31 |
| 3,50×3,50 | 4,68 | 0,4 | 3,68 |
| 3,50×3,50 | 5,57 | 0,5 | 4,36 |
| 3,60×3,60 | 4,84 | 0,4 | 3,81 |
| 4×4 | 2,97 | 0,20 | 2,34 |
| 4×4 | 3,64 | 0,25 | 2,84 |
| 4×4 | 4,28 | 0,30 | 3,36 |
| 4×4 | 4,9 | 0,35 | 3,86 |
| 4×4 | 5,48 | 0,40 | 4,30 |
| 4×4 | 6,57 | 0,50 | 5,17 |
| 4×4 | 7,54 | 0,60 | 5,93 |
| 4,2×4,2 | 4,52 | 0,3 | 3,55 |
| 4,2×4,2 | 5,18 | 0,35 | 4,07 |
| 4,2×4,2 | 5,8 | 0,4 | 4,57 |
| 4,2×4,2 | 6,97 | 0,5 | 5,47 |
| 4,2×4,2 | 8,02 | 0,6 | 6,31 |
| 4,5×4,5 | 4,88 | 0,30 | 3,83 |
| 4,5×4,5 | 5,6 | 0,35 | 4,39 |
| 4,5×4,5 | 6,28 | 0,4 | 4,93 |
| 4,5×4,5 | 7,57 | 0,50 | 5,95 |
| 4,5×4,5 | 8,74 | 0,6 | 6,87 |
| 4,5×4,5 | 9,8 | 0,70 | 7,70 |
| 4,5×4,5 | 10,74 | 0,80 | 8,43 |
| 5×5 | 5,48 | 0,3 | 4,31 |
| 5×5 | 6,3 | 0,35 | 4,95 |
| 5×5 | 7,08 | 0,40 | 5,56 |
| 5×5 | 8,57 | 0,50 | 6,74 |
| 5×5 | 9,94 | 0,6 | 7,80 |
| 5×5 | 11,2 | 0,7 | 8,80 |
| 5×5 | 12,34 | 0,8 | 9,70 |
| 6×6 | 7,70 | 0,35 | 6,04 |
| 6×6 | 8,68 | 0,4 | 6,82 |
| 6×6 | 10,57 | 0,5 | 8,31 |
| 6×6 | 12,34 | 0,6 | 9,69 |
| 6×6 | 14 | 0,70 | 11,00 |
| 6×6 | 15,54 | 0,8 | 12,20 |
| 6,5×6,5 | 13,54 | 0,6 | 10,63 |
| 7×7 | 10,28 | 0,4 | 8,07 |
| 7×7 | 12,57 | 0,5 | 9,87 |
| 7×7 | 14,74 | 0,6 | 11,57 |
| 7×7 | 16,8 | 0,7 | 13,19 |
| 7×7 | 18,74 | 0,8 | 14,71 |
| 8×8 | 11,88 | 0,4 | 9,33 |
| 8×8 | 14,57 | 0,5 | 11,44 |
| 8×8 | 17,14 | 0,6 | 13,46 |
| 8×8 | 19,6 | 0,7 | 15,38 |
| 8×8 | 21,94 | 0,8 | 17,22 |
| 9×9 | 16,57 | 0,5 | 13,00 |
| 9×9 | 19,54 | 0,6 | 15,34 |
| 9×9 | 22,4 | 0,7 | 17,58 |
| 9×9 | 25,14 | 0,8 | 19,73 |
| 10×10 | 21,94 | 0,6 | 17,22 |
| 10×10 | 25,2 | 0,7 | 19,78 |
| 10×10 | 28,34 | 0,8 | 22,25 |
| 10×10 | 31,37 | 0,9 | 24,62 |
| 11×11 | 24,34 | 0,6 | 19,11 |
| 11×11 | 28 | 0,7 | 21,98 |
| 11×11 | 31,54 | 0,8 | 24,76 |
| 11×11 | 34,97 | 0,9 | 27,45 |
| 12×12 | 26,74 | 0,6 | 20,99 |
| 12×12 | 30,80 | 0,7 | 24,18 |
| 12×12 | 34,74 | 0,8 | 27,27 |
| 12×12 | 38,57 | 0,90 | 30,28 |
| 14×14 | 31,54 | 0,6 | 24,77 |
| 14×14 | 36,4 | 0,7 | 28,57 |
| 14×14 | 41,14 | 0,80 | 32,29 |
| 14×14 | 45,77 | 0,9 | 35,94 |
| 15×15 | 39,2 | 0,70 | 30,77 |
| 15×15 | 44,34 | 0,8 | 34,81 |
| 15×15 | 49,37 | 0,9 | 38,75 |
| 15×15 | 54,28 | 1 | 42,61 |
| 18×18 | 53,94 | 0,8 | 42,35 |
| 18×18 | 60,170 | 0,9 | 47,23 |
| 18×18 | 66,28 | 1 | 52,04 |
| 18×18 | 78,17 | 1,2 | 61,36 |
| 18×18 | 89,6 | 1,4 | 70,33 |
The production method of a certain size of a metal square pipe is laid down in the standard:
- pipe from 1 to 12 cm thick. walls from 0.10 to 0.8 cm - seamless cold formed;
- pipe from 6 to 18 cm thick. walls from 0.40 to 1.4 cm - seamless, hot-deformed;
- pipe from 1 to 10 cm thick. walls from 0.10 to 0.5 cm - electrowelded.
Important! The radius of curvature of the corners of square pipes must not exceed the thickness of the pipe wall multiplied by 2.
Pipes of any size are available with length restrictions established by standards.
Pipe sizes:
- Merc. the length of the hot rolled pipes 4 - 12.5 m;
- Merc. the length of cold rolled pipes is 4.5 - 9 m;
- Merc. length of electric-welded pipes 5 - 9 m;
- non-dimensional. the length of the hot rolled pipes 4 - 12.5 m;
- non-dimensional. the length of cold rolled pipes is 4.5 - 9 m.
When choosing a metal square pipe, it is necessary to clearly determine the dimensions, wall thickness, section, whether they correspond to the requirements of the object under construction. This will determine the strength of the metal structure.
Marking of square metal pipes should contain:
- name and trademark;
- pipe dimensions;
- pipe length;
- quantity;
- mass;
- mark of the department of technical control.
Plastic square pipe production
The manufacturing process for manufacturing PVC pipes is continuous, uncomplicated and environmentally friendly. And unlike the production of a metal profile, it does not require large expenditures of electricity, therefore the price of a square plastic pipe is much lower.
The manufacturing process begins with the mixing of polymer raw materials with plasticizers, dyes, antistatic and special additives in the hopper. After melting and softening in the extruder by extrusion, the shape of the future pipe is formed. Then the product is cooled and calibrated. They make square plastic pipes most often from polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and polyethylene. A square pipe workshop can be housed in a 100m space2.
The raw material for plastic square pipes is polypropylene and other polymers in the form of granules, to which dyes and other substances are added.
Labeling of plastic pipes - a brief set of information that characterizes the product for the convenience of the consumer. It contains the following information:
- quality mark (ISO 9001, EN ISO 9001);
- trademark;
- material used (PP-H 100, PE 63);
- dimensions and wall thickness;
- nominal pressure (PN);
- fraction and maximum working pressure (drinking, GAS 4,);
- batch number and production date.
Square plastic pipes have quite a variety of sizes, their scope of application is also different.
The properties of a square plastic pipe in such a field of application as ventilation remain stably in demand. This is because the characteristics of this type of profile demonstrate the maximum quality factor of engineering systems with long life. Pipes are made of high-quality white PVC plastic, which, moreover, is not subject to burning. A square PVC ventilation pipe in rooms where a large number of people gather, whether it be a restaurant, supermarket, gym or cafe, is the most optimal choice.
The ventilation system, made in plastic, will not cause any further trouble if you follow the assembly rules. The noiselessness of the ventilation system depends on the cross section of the pipe, and for a lesser likelihood of clogging, the ventilation pipe should be covered with an antistatic solution.
It is interesting! Plastic square pipes, unlike their metal counterparts, practically do not create any noise effects.
A wide assortment of all kinds of square pipes makes it possible to choose a material that meets the requirements for the manufacture and further operation of the facility. Buying quality products and observing the rules of construction will make any design durable.
The construction of anything is a serious and responsible process, so making the right choice among the abundance of materials can be quite difficult. A wide range of metal and plastic square tubes, in any case, will be useful.
